En el marco del Día Internacional contra la Falsificación y la Piratería:
El mercado de productos adulterados es un problema mundial que cada año mueve cerca de 600 billones de dólares, según un informe del diario británico The Guardian. Su producción y tráfico no solo genera pérdidas económicas tanto a los estados como a las empresas, sino que además representa un serio peligro para la salud y la seguridad de los consumidores. En el Día Internacional contra la Falsificación y la Piratería, compartimos tres herramientas tecnológicas al alcance de tus manos y que te permitirán saber si el producto que has adquirido es original en ámbitos clave de tu día a día.
Instalaciones eléctricas
De acuerdo con el Cuerpo General de Bomberos Voluntarios del Perú, 7 de cada 10 incendios en el Perú ocurren debido al uso de productos eléctricos falsificados. Este tipo de productos pone en riesgo la seguridad de los hogares debido a que no son capaces de resistir altas temperaturas[i], incrementando el riesgo de fallas eléctricas que pueden derivar en siniestros. Para evitar adquirir mercadería falsa, Indeco by Nexans cuenta con Vigishield, una aplicación que permite a los usuarios verificar, mediante el escáner de un aplicativo móvil, si los cables eléctricos son originales. Esta aplicación se encuentra disponible en Perú y se puede descargar desde Play Store y Apple Store.
Medicamentos
De acuerdo con la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), uno de cada diez medicamentos que circula en los países en desarrollo es de calidad subestándar o incluso falsificado.[ii] Se trata de una cifra alarmante si tenemos en cuenta que estos productos se fabrican en malas condiciones, lo que los convierte en altamente tóxicos para la salud de las personas. En un inicio, las farmacéuticas desarrollaron tarjetas que reaccionan a los principios activos de los medicamentos, pero su fiabilidad apenas llegaba al 80%. [iii] Ante esta situación, la compañía Veripad desarrolló un aplicativo móvil basado en tecnología de machine learning que escanea la tarjeta reactiva e indica al usuario si el medicamento es original o adulterado, pero con una fiabilidad no menor al 90%.[iv]
Alimentos
El bienestar de las personas también puede estar en riesgo si consumen alimentos adulterados, ya que es altamente probable que contengan materiales contaminantes, como moho o bacterias. Según la OMS, más de 200 enfermedades son causadas por ingerir alimentos contaminados[v]. En ese contexto, las compañías del sector vienen desarrollando dispositivos de scanner e inteligencia artificial para asegurar la autenticidad de los productos alimenticios. Uno de los casos más notorios es Verifier, un aplicativo móvil presentado por IBM durante la conferencia Think 2019. Por medio del uso de Inteligencia Artificial e imágenes, Verifier puede reconocer las características ópticas de una sustancia, líquido u objeto, incluyendo color, movimiento e incluso viscosidad. Además, puede contar el número de microbios con un 99% de precisión.
[i] https://www.nexans.pe/es/dam/jcr:16a5efa9-8446-4b3d-8445-4d216a0547de/ES__Riesgos%20de%20comprar%20cables%20falsificados.pdf
[ii] https://www.who.int/es/news/item/28-11-2017-1-in-10-medical-products-in-developing-countries-is-substandard-or-falsified
[iii] https://www.who.int/es/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/substandard-and-falsified-medical-products
[iv] https://www.rocheplus.es/innovacion/investigacion-ciencia/detector-de-falsificaciones.html
[v] https://news.un.org/es/story/2022/06/1509842
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